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Publishing Your Web Site

Introduction

Transferring your web site to a web server for access by anyone on the Internet is referred to as publishing. Once you have developed a small web site on your local PC you are ready to publish it on a web server. If you have an ISP, you probably have access to 8-10 MB of web storage for a small web site. There are also a number free communities geocities that allow you to publish your web site.

Publishing

The following steps apply to publishing your web pages on your own UNIX server.

Some ISPs make you go through an entire process to enable FTP and telnet operations. Read their local procedures and if you must, do not be shy about calling their help lines. To connect, type in www.yourisp.com in the <profile > text field. Select <HOST Type> UNIX then enter your user <name> and <password>. Everything is case sensitive. Select <advanced> and verify that <retry> is 0, <timeout> is 165, and <port> is 21. Everything else should be unchecked and blank.

Disregard this step if you are working for the first time at home with your ISP. Once you are happy with your first "index.html" page, telnet into your server. Verify that you can log in. If so create a "public_html" directory.

1. Do this by entering <mkdir public_html>

2. Verify that you have created the directory by entering <ls -al>

3. While examining the directory contents note the file permissions

4. Log off

Use your FTP tool to FTP into your server. Select the ASCII option on the FTP tool and transfer your web pages to the "public_html" directory. Use the FTP tool to create your public_html directory if it is not currently visible. If you have subdirectories, use the FTP tool to create subdirectories and place the files in the proper areas. If you have images that need transferring, select the BINARY option on the FTP tool and transfer the images.

Warning, transferring HTML in binary will insert nasty control M (^M) characters which is ok for HTML, but very bad for scripts that you will later develop. Get in the habit of transferring everything in ASCII except for images, executables, and .doc .xls .zip and other files, which must be transferred in binary. Some FTP programs have an automatic feature. Be careful, these automatic features examine the extension to determine how the file should be transferred. Make sure the automatic feature is properly configured.

Web Servers

The most popular web server on the Internet is the Apache Server which runs on UNIX and its different flavors such as Solaris, and Linux. The web server assembles your HTML page and makes it available to the client. This assembly can include simple HTML pages, dynamically composed pages, or pages that use server side includes.

There are other servers including WindowNT. The bottomline is that they don't work well. Most of the scripts / software that make the Internet go use UNIX and the CGI services that are closely coupled with Apache.  Also, if you depart from PERL you are on your own. The amount of shareware associated with PERL is huge. It is also closely coupled to the CGI. If you attempt to go with an ISP that does not use UNIX / Apache, you are on your own.

WorldWideWeb In October 1994, Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the Web, founded the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
CommonGatewayInterface The Common Gateway Interface, or CGI, is a standard for external gateway programs to interface with information servers such as HTTP servers.

Apache Configuration

ApacheServer
ApacheDocs
ApacheCoreFeatures
ServerSideIncludes
ConfigurationFiles including the .htaccess file

Example .htaccess File

 <Files .htaccess>
    Order allow,deny
    Deny from all
 </Files>
 
 AddType text/x-server-parsed-html .shtml
 AddType text/x-server-parsed-html .html
 AddType application/x-httpd-cgi .cgi
 AddType application/x-httpd-cgi .pl 
 
 AddType application/octet-stream .exe
 AddType application/octet-stream exe
 
 AddType application/octet-stream doc
 AddType application/msword doc
 
 AddType application/octet-stream xls
 AddType application/excel xls
 
 AddType application/octet-stream .bmp
 
 # domain name redirect
 RedirectPermanent /~cassbeth http://www.cassbeth.com
 
 # Site directory changes
 RedirectPermanent /books/dvd-videos http://www.cassbeth.com/dvd-videos
 RedirectPermanent /books/music-cd http://www.cassbeth.com/music-cd     
 
 # Error Redirects
 ErrorDocument 400 http://www.cassbeth.com
 ErrorDocument 401 http://www.cassbeth.com
 ErrorDocument 403 http://www.cassbeth.com
 ErrorDocument 404 http://www.cassbeth.com
 # ErrorDocument 500 http://www.cassbeth.com
 
 #Successful Client Requests
 # 200 OK
 # 201 Created
 # 202 Accepted
 # 203 Non-Authorative Information
 # 204 No Content
 # 205 Reset Content
 # 206 Partial Content     
 
 # Client Request Errors
 # 400 Bad Request
 # 401 Authorization Required
 # 402 Payment Required (not used yet)
 # 403 Forbidden
 # 404 Not Found
 # 405 Method Not Allowed
 # 406 Not Acceptable (encoding)
 # 407 Proxy Authentication Required
 # 408 Request Timed Out
 # 409 Conflicting Request
 # 410 Gone
 # 411 Content Length Required
 # 412 Precondition Failed
 # 413 Request Entity Too Long
 # 414 Request URI Too Long
 # 415 Unsupported Media Type
 
 # Server Errors
 # 500 Internal Server Error
 # 501 Not Implemented
 # 502 Bad Gateway    
 # 503 Service Unavailable
 # 504 Gateway Timeout
 # 505 HTTP Version Not Supported 
 
 
 

An Apache Web Server For Your PC

If you haven't done so yet, download and install IndigoPerl.

1. Unzip and install the download

2. Exit all browsers including this one - copy this stuff to note pad

3. From your start menu select => IndigoPerl => Start Apache

4. This will open a DOS window

5. The DOS session should stay open either as a window or as an icon

6. From your start menu select =>IndigoPerl => Perl Console

7. Once the Perl Console is started your default browser opens

8. At this point you can open browsers to also access the Internet

9. For whatever reason, you must fire up the Perl Console before you open any other browser or IndigoPerl will not work properly

Once http://localhost:4444/html/ opens up, go to http://localhost:4444/ and run the Perl scripts. If they work then all is well. If you have a problem go to C:/Perl/Logs and check out your error-log file. Some versions of Win95 need to be updated to WinSocks 2. This download is available from Billys site www.microsoft.com.

Netscape Server

Do not confuse this with Apache. Its close, but not the same.

NetscapeServer

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